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The backup commands allow you to: create and update a backup (ad-hoc or scheduled), list the contents of a backup, and list the backups of a cluster. You cannot initiate a backup without a cluster. Make sure you add a cluster (cluster add) before initiating a backup.
sctool backup <subcommand> [global flags] [parameters]
Subcommands
Command |
Usage |
|---|---|
Schedule a backup (ad-hoc or scheduled). |
|
Validate backup files in remote locations. |
|
Modify properties of the existing backup task. |
|
List contents of a given backup. |
|
List backups of a given cluster. |
|
Deletes one of the available snapshots. |
The backup command allows you to schedule or run ad-hoc cluster backup.
Syntax:
sctool backup --cluster <id|name> --location <list of locations> [--dc <list>]
[--dry-run] [--interval <time-unit>]
[--keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>]
[--num-retries <times to rerun a failed task>]
[--rate-limit <list of rate limits>] [--retention <number of backups to store>]
[--show-tables]
[--snapshot-parallel <list of parallelism limits>] [--start-date <date>]
[--upload-parallel <list of parallelism limits>] [global flags]
In addition to the Global flags, backup takes the following parameters:
--dc <list of glob patterns>¶A comma-separated list of datacenter glob patterns, e.g. ‘dc1,!otherdc*’ used to specify the DCs to include or exclude from backup, separated by a comma. This can also include glob patterns.
The following syntax is supported:
* - matches any number of any characters including none
? - matches any single character
[abc] - matches one character given in the bracket
[a-z] - matches one character from the range given in the bracket
Patterns are evaluated from left to right.
If a pattern starts with ! it unselects items that were selected by previous patterns
i.e. a?,!aa selects ab but not aa.
--dry-run¶Validates and prints backup information without actually scheduling a backup.
-i, --interval <time-unit>¶Scheduled Intervals for backups to repeat every X time, where X can be:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
For example: .. _backup-param-i:
-i 3d2h10m
Default: 0 - this means the task does not recur.
-K, --keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>¶A list of glob patterns separated by a comma used to include or exclude keyspaces from the backup. The patterns match keyspaces and tables, when you write the pattern, separate the keyspace name from the table name with a dot (KEYSPACE.TABLE).
The following syntax is supported:
* - matches any number of any characters including none
? - matches any single character
[abc] - matches one character given in the bracket
[a-z] - matches one character from the range given in the bracket
Patterns are evaluated from left to right.
If a pattern starts with ! it unselects items that were selected by previous patterns
i.e. a?,!aa selects ab but not aa.
-L, --location <list of backup locations>¶Specifies where to place the backup in the format [dc:]<provider>:<name> For example: s3:my-bucket.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The <dc>: part is optional and is only needed when different datacenters are being used to upload data to different locations.
name must be an alphanumeric string and may contain a dash and or a dot, but other characters are forbidden.
The only supported storage provider at the moment are s3 and gcs.
--rate-limit <list of rate limits>¶Limits the upload rate (as expressed in megabytes (MB) per second) which a snapshot file can be uploaded from a Scylla node to its backup destination.
For example, an S3 bucket.
You can set limits for more than one DC using a comma-separated list expressed in the format [<dc>:]<limit>.
The <dc>: part is optional and is only needed when different datacenters require different upload limits.
Default: 100
--retention <number of backups to store>¶The number of backups to store. Once this number is reached, the next backup which comes in from this destination will initiate a purge of the oldest backup.
Default: 3
--show-tables¶Prints table names together with keyspace. Used in combination with .. _backup-param-dry-run:
--dry-run.
--snapshot-parallel <list of parallelism limits>¶A comma-separated list of snapshot parallelism limits in the format [<dc>:]<limit>.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The dc part is optional and allows for specifying different limits in selected datacenters.
If the dc part is not set, the limit is global and the runs are parallel in n nodes. If for example, you were to set ‘dc1:2,5’, then dc1 would have two parallel nodes and there would be five parallel nodes in the other DCs.
-s, --start-date <date>¶Specifies the task start date expressed in the RFC3339 format or now[+duration], e.g. now+3d2h10m, valid units are:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
now - happens immediately
Default: now
--upload-parallel <list of parallelism limits>¶A comma-separated list of upload parallelism limits in the format [<dc>:]<limit>.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The dc part is optional and allows for specifying different limits in selected datacenters.
If the dc part is not set, the limit is global (e.g. ‘dc1:2,5’) the runs are parallel in n nodes. In the example in dc1 there are 2 parallel nodes in dc1 and 5 parallel nodes in the other DCs.
This example backs up the entire cluster named prod-cluster.
The backup begins on December 9, 2019 at 15:16:05 UTC and will repeat at this time every 24 hours.
The backup is stored in s3 in a directory named my-backups.
Additional examples are available in Backup Scylla Clusters
sctool backup -c prod-cluster -s '2019-12-09T15:16:05Z' -i 24h -L 's3:my-backups'
backup/3208ff15-6e8f-48b2-875c-d3c73f545410
This command schedules a backup validation task.
It checks that all needed files are in tact, and that there are no unexpected files occupying your storage.
To delete the unexpected files provide the --delete-orphaned-files parameter.
To see the validation results use task progress command.
It is safe to run backup and backup validation at the same time.
Syntax:
sctool backup validate --cluster <id|name> [--delete-orphaned-files]
[--interval <time-unit>] [--location <list of locations>]
[--num-retries <times to rerun a failed task>]
[--parallel <limit>] [--start-date <date>] [global flags]
In addition to the Global flags, backup list takes the following parameters:
--delete-orphaned-files¶If set data files not belonging to any snapshot will be deleted after the validation.
-i, --interval <time-unit>¶Scheduled Intervals for backups to repeat every X time, where X can be:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
For example: .. _backup-validate-param-i:
-i 3d2h10m
Default: 0 - this means the task does not recur.
-L, --location <list of backup locations>¶Optionally limit validation to the specified location. By default uses all locations for the cluster.
--parallel <limit>¶Number of hosts to analyze in parallel.
-s, --start-date <date>¶Specifies the task start date expressed in the RFC3339 format or now[+duration], e.g. now+3d2h10m, valid units are:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
now - happens immediately
Default: now
The backup update command allows you to modify properties of an already existing backup task.
Syntax:
sctool backup update <type/task-id> --cluster <id|name> --location <list of locations> [--dc <list>]
[--dry-run] [--interval <time-unit>]
[--keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>]
[--rate-limit <list of rate limits>] [--retention <number of backups to store>]
[--show-tables]
[--snapshot-parallel <list of parallelism limits>] [--start-date <date>]
[--upload-parallel <list of parallelism limits>] [global flags]
In addition to Global flags, backup update takes the same parameters as backup parameters
This example updates backup task that was previously created.
The backup is updated to run every 12 hours.
The backup storage is updated to prod-backups.
sctool backup update backup/3208ff15-6e8f-48b2-875c-d3c73f545410 -c prod-cluster -i 12h -L 's3:prod-backups'
backup/3208ff15-6e8f-48b2-875c-d3c73f545410
This commands allow you to list backups of a given cluster.
Syntax:
sctool backup list [--all clusters] [--keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>] [--location <list of backup locations>]
[--max-date <date>] [--min-date <date>] [--show-tables][global flags]
In addition to the Global flags, backup list takes the following parameters:
--all-clusters¶Shows backups for all clusters. Useful for listing clusters that are no longer available locally but are backed up in the past to remote location.
-K, --keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>¶A list of glob patterns separated by a comma. The patterns match keyspaces and tables, when you write the pattern, separate the keyspace name from the table name with a dot (KEYSPACE.TABLE).
The following syntax is supported:
* - matches any number of any characters including none
? - matches any single character
[abc] - matches one character given in the bracket
[a-z] - matches one character from the range given in the bracket
Patterns are evaluated from left to right.
If a pattern starts with ! it unselects items that were selected by previous patterns
i.e. a?,!aa selects ab but not aa.
-L, --location <list of backup locations>¶Specifies where to place the backup in the format [<dc>:]<provider>:<name>.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The <dc>: part is optional and is only needed when different datacenters are being used to upload data to different locations.
name must be an alphanumeric string and may contain a dash and or a dot, but other characters are forbidden.
The only supported storage provider are s3 and gcs.
--max-date <date>¶Specifies maximal snapshot date expressed in RFC3339 form or now[+duration].
For example: now+3d2h10m Valid units are:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
now - happens immediately
--min-date <date>¶Specifies minimal snapshot date expressed in RFC3339 form or now[+duration].
For example: now+3d2h10m Valid units are:
d - days
h - hours
m - minutes
s - seconds
now - happens immediately
--show-tables¶Prints table names together with keyspace.
sctool backup list -c prod-cluster --show-tables
Snapshots:
- sm_20191210145143UTC
- sm_20191210145027UTC
- sm_20191210144833UTC
Keyspaces:
- system_auth (role_members, roles)
- system_distributed (view_build_status)
- system_traces (events, node_slow_log, node_slow_log_time_idx, sessions, sessions_time_idx)
- test_keyspace_dc1_rf2 (void1)
- test_keyspace_dc1_rf3 (void1)
- test_keyspace_dc2_rf2 (void1)
- test_keyspace_dc2_rf3 (void1)
- test_keyspace_rf2 (void1)
- test_keyspace_rf3 (void1)
This command allows you to list content of a given backup. This command lists files that were uploaded during backup procedure. It outputs the remote paths of files together with keyspace/table information separated by delimiter that you provide.
Syntax:
sctool backup files [--all clusters] [--keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>]
[--location <list of backup locations>] [global flags]
In addition to the Global flags, backup files add takes the following parameters:
--all-clusters¶Shows backups for all clusters
-d, --delimiter <delimiter-character>¶Dictates which character will be used as a whitespace between remote file path and information about keyspace and table.
Default: ‘t’
-K, --keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>¶A list of glob patterns separated by a comma. The patterns match keyspaces and tables, when you write the pattern, separate the keyspace name from the table name with a dot (KEYSPACE.TABLE).
The following syntax is supported:
* - matches any number of any characters including none
? - matches any single character
[abc] - matches one character given in the bracket
[a-z] - matches one character from the range given in the bracket
Patterns are evaluated from left to right.
If a pattern starts with ! it unselects items that were selected by previous patterns
i.e. a?,!aa selects ab but not aa.
-L, --location <list of backup locations>¶Specifies where to place the backup in the format [<dc>:]<provider>:<name>.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The <dc>: part is optional and is only needed when different datacenters are being used to upload data to different locations.
name must be an alphanumeric string and may contain a dash and or a dot, but other characters are forbidden.
The only supported storage provider are s3 and gcs.
-T, --snapshot-tag <tag>¶Snapshot tag as read from the backup listing
sctool backup files --keyspace system_auth
The command output has the following format:
<provider>://<bucket-name>/backup/sst/cluster/<cluster-id>/dc/<dc-id>/
node/<node-id>/keyspace/<keyspace-name>/table/<table-name>/<table-uuid>/
<filename><delimiter><keyspace-name>/<table-name>
Example:
s3://backups/backup/sst/cluster/7d8f190f-c98d-4a06-8bb5-ae96633ee69a/dc/dc2/
node/f3c6386b-6d54-4546-a2e8-627fff62d3af/keyspace/system_sec/table/roles/5bc52802de2535edaeab188eecebb090/
mc-2-big-TOC.txt system_sec/table
From this information we know the following:
Provider - s3
Bucket name - backups
Cluster ID - 7d8f190f-c98d-4a06-8bb5-ae96633ee69a
DC - dc2
Node - f3c6386b-6d54-4546-a2e8-627fff62d3af
Keyspace - system_sec
Table name - roles
Table UUID - 5bc52802de2535edaeab188eecebb090
File name - mc-2-big-TOC.txt
Delimiter - whitespace character ‘ ‘
Keyspace / table name - system_sec/table
See Restore on information how to use these files to restore a backup.
This command allows you to delete files that were uploaded during backup procedure. Deduplicated files are persisted unless their reference count drops to zero.
Syntax:
sctool backup delete --snapshot-tag <snapshot tag> [--location <list of backup locations>] [global flags]
In addition to the Global flags, backup delete takes the following parameters:
-L, --location <list of backup locations>¶Specifies where to look for the backup in the format [<dc>:]<provider>:<name>.
More than one location can be stated in a comma-separated list.
The <dc>: part is optional and is only needed when different datacenters are being used to upload data to different locations.
name must be an alphanumeric string and may contain a dash and or a dot, but other characters are forbidden.
The only supported storage provider are s3 and gcs.
-T, --snapshot-tag <tag>¶Snapshot tag as read from the backup listing.
sctool backup delete --snapshot-tag sm_20200526115228UTC
The command does not output anything unless an error happens.
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--dc <list of glob patterns>--dry-run-i, --interval <time-unit>-K, --keyspace <list of glob patterns to find keyspaces>-L, --location <list of backup locations>--rate-limit <list of rate limits>--retention <number of backups to store>--show-tables--snapshot-parallel <list of parallelism limits>-s, --start-date <date>--upload-parallel <list of parallelism limits>